Crater of Diamonds State Park in Arkansas is a unique destination for rock enthusiasts, offering visitors the opportunity to search for and keep any diamonds they find. But the park is not just famous for its diamonds; it is also home to a diverse array of other fascinating minerals, including amethyst, garnet, jasper, agate, and quartz.
The Geology of Crater of Diamonds State Park
The diamond-bearing rocks at Crater of Diamonds State Park are composed of hypabyssal olivine lamproite and phlogopite-rich tuffs and breccias. These rocks are characterized by high Mg# values (atomic ratio of Mg to Fe in an igneous rock) and K2O content, indicating a complex mantle crystallization history. The deposit grades between 0.01 and 1.25 carats per 100 tons.
In addition to diamonds, the park is known for its colorful minerals, such as amethyst, which runs in veins throughout the park, particularly in the West Drain area. Visitors can also find a variety of other minerals, including garnet, jasper, agate, and quartz.
Exploring the Park’s Mineral Wealth
Visitors to Crater of Diamonds State Park can dig for diamonds in a 37.5-acre plowed field that is the eroded surface of an ancient volcanic crater. The park provides buckets, shovels, and sieves for rent, and staff are available to help identify any minerals found.
In addition to the diamond-hunting area, the park offers a Diamond Discovery Center, where visitors can learn about the local geology and the history of diamond mining in the area. The park also features a variety of scenic walking trails, picnic sites, and campsites, making it an ideal destination for a field trip or a weekend getaway.
The History of Diamond Mining at Crater of Diamonds State Park
The Crater of Diamonds State Park has a rich history of diamond mining. In the early twentieth century, when the richest material was mined, there was a brief diamond rush in the area. After a string of ownership changes and failed business ventures, visions of a South African-style diamond district never materialized.
In 1972, the state of Arkansas purchased the land and opened it to public prospecting. Since then, visitors have found more than 33,000 diamonds at the park, making it a popular destination for rock enthusiasts and treasure hunters alike.
Unique Minerals Found at Crater of Diamonds State Park
In addition to diamonds, Crater of Diamonds State Park is home to a variety of other unique minerals, including:
| Mineral | Description |
|---|---|
| Amethyst | A purple variety of quartz that runs in veins throughout the park, particularly in the West Drain area. |
| Garnet | A hard, reddish-brown mineral that is often found in metamorphic rocks. |
| Jasper | A variety of quartz that is known for its vibrant colors and patterns. |
| Agate | A banded variety of chalcedony that is often found in the park. |
| Quartz | The most common mineral found in the park, with a variety of forms and colors. |
These minerals, along with the park’s diamonds, make Crater of Diamonds State Park a true treasure trove for rock enthusiasts and mineral collectors.
Conclusion
Crater of Diamonds State Park is a unique and fascinating destination for anyone interested in geology, minerals, and the thrill of discovery. Whether you’re searching for diamonds or exploring the park’s other mineral wealth, there is always something new to discover at this one-of-a-kind state park.